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Characterization and Action Mechanism Analysis of VvmiR156b/c/d-VvSPL9 Module Responding to Multiple-Hormone Signals in the Modulation of Grape Berry Color Formation

dc.contributor.authorZiwen Su
dc.contributor.authorXicheng Wang
dc.contributor.authorXuxian Xuan
dc.contributor.authorZilu Sheng
dc.contributor.authorHaoran Jia
dc.contributor.authorNaseri Emal
dc.contributor.authorZhongjie Liu
dc.contributor.authorTing Zheng
dc.contributor.authorChen Wang
dc.contributor.authorJinggui Fang
dc.contributor.otherCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
dc.contributor.otherInstitute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing 210014, China
dc.contributor.otherCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
dc.contributor.otherCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
dc.contributor.otherCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
dc.contributor.otherCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
dc.contributor.otherCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
dc.contributor.otherCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
dc.contributor.otherCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
dc.contributor.otherCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-09T05:20:07Z
dc.date.available2025-10-09T05:20:07Z
dc.date.issued01-04-2021
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/4/896
dc.identifier.urihttp://digilib.fisipol.ugm.ac.id/repo/handle/15717717/40969
dc.description.abstractIn recent years, more and more reports have shown that the miR156-<i>SPL</i> module can participate in the regulation of anthocyanin synthesis in plants. However, little is known about how this module responds to hormonal signals manipulating this process in grapes. In this study, exogenous GA, ABA, MeJA, and NAA were used to treat the ‘Wink’ grape berries before color conversion, anthocyanin and other related quality physiological indexes (such as sugar, aroma) were determined, and spatio-temporal expression patterns of related genes were analyzed. The results showed that the expression levels of VvmiR156b/c/d showed a gradually rising trend with the ripening and color formation of grape berries, and the highest expression levels were detected at day 28 after treatment, while the expression level of <i>VvSPL9</i> exhibited an opposite trend as a whole, which further verifies that VvmiR156b/c/d can negatively regulate <i>VvSPL9</i>. Besides, VvmiR156b/c/d was positively correlated with anthocyanin content and related genes levels, while the expression pattern of <i>VvSPL9</i> showed a negative correlation. Analysis of promoter cis-elements and GUS staining showed that VvmiR156b/c/d contained a large number of hormone response cis-elements (ABA, GA, SA, MeJA, and NAA) and were involved in hormone regulation. Exogenous ABA and MeJA treatments significantly upregulated the expression levels of VvmiR156b/c/d and anthocyanin structural genes in the early stage of color conversion and made grape berries quickly colored. Interestingly, GA treatment downregulated the expression levels of VvmiR156b/c/d and anthocyanin structural genes in the early color-change period, but significantly upregulated in the middle color-change and ripening stages, therefore GA mainly modulated grape berry coloring in the middle- and late-ripening stages. Furthermore, NAA treatment downregulated the expression levels of VvmiR156b/c/d and anthocyanin structural genes and delayed the peak expression of genes. Meanwhile, to further recognize the potential functions of VvmiR156b/c/d, the mature tomato transient trangenetic system was utilized in this work. Results showed that transient overexpression of VvmiR156b/c/d in tomato promoted fruit coloring and overexpression of <i>VvSPL9</i> inhibited fruit coloration. Finally, a regulatory network of the VvmiR156b/c/d-VvSPL9 module responsive to hormones modulating anthocyanin synthesis was developed. In conclusion, VvmiR156b/c/d-mediated <i>VvSPL9</i> participated in the formation of grape color in response to multi-hormone signals.
dc.language.isoEN
dc.publisherMDPI AG
dc.subject.lccChemical technology
dc.titleCharacterization and Action Mechanism Analysis of VvmiR156b/c/d-VvSPL9 Module Responding to Multiple-Hormone Signals in the Modulation of Grape Berry Color Formation
dc.typeArticle
dc.description.keywordsVvmiR156b/c/d-<i>VvSPL9</i>
dc.description.keywordshormone signal
dc.description.keywordsanthocyanin
dc.description.keywordsgrape
dc.description.doi10.3390/foods10040896
dc.title.journalFoods
dc.identifier.e-issn2304-8158
dc.identifier.oaioai:doaj.org/journal:1973736c706649a08b6d0967abb3383a
dc.journal.infoVolume 10, Issue 4


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