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Peak Soil Erosion Risk in Mixed Forests: A Critical Transition Phase Driven by Moso Bamboo Expansion

dc.contributor.authorJie Wang
dc.contributor.authorXin Wang
dc.contributor.authorYoujin Yan
dc.contributor.authorLiangjie Wang
dc.contributor.authorHaibo Hu
dc.contributor.authorBing Ma
dc.contributor.authorHongwei Zhou
dc.contributor.authorJiacai Liu
dc.contributor.authorFengling Gan
dc.contributor.authorYuchuan Fan
dc.contributor.otherInstitute of Ecological Civilization Construction and Forestry Development, Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
dc.contributor.otherInstitute of Ecological Civilization Construction and Forestry Development, Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
dc.contributor.otherInstitute of Ecological Civilization Construction and Forestry Development, Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
dc.contributor.otherInstitute of Ecological Civilization Construction and Forestry Development, Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
dc.contributor.otherInstitute of Ecological Civilization Construction and Forestry Development, Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
dc.contributor.otherInstitute of Ecological Civilization Construction and Forestry Development, Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
dc.contributor.otherJiangsu Provincial Environmental Geological Survey Brigade, Nanjing 210012, China
dc.contributor.otherJiangsu Provincial Environmental Geological Survey Brigade, Nanjing 210012, China
dc.contributor.otherChongqing Key Laboratory of Surface Process and Environment Remote Sensing in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, School of Geography and Tourism Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
dc.contributor.otherJiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-27T14:00:22Z
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-08T08:35:52Z
dc.date.available2025-10-08T08:35:52Z
dc.date.issued01-08-2025
dc.identifier.urihttp://digilib.fisipol.ugm.ac.id/repo/handle/15717717/36187
dc.description.abstractDriven by climate change and human activities, the expansion of highly invasive moso bamboo (<i>Phyllostachys edulis</i>) into coniferous forests induces a serious ecological imbalance. Its rapidly spreading underground roots significantly alter soil structure, yet the mechanisms by which this expansion affects soil detachment capacity (<i>Dc</i>), a key soil erosion parameter, remain unclear. While bamboo expansion modifies soil physicochemical properties and root characteristics, influencing <i>Dc</i> and, consequently, soil erosion resistance, the underlying mechanisms, particularly stage-specific variations, are not thoroughly understood. In this study, we examined Japanese white pine (<i>Pinus parviflora</i> Siebold & Zucc.) forest (CF), moso bamboo–Japanese white pine mixed forest (MF), and moso bamboo forest (BF) as representative stages of bamboo expansion. By integrating laboratory-controlled measurements of soil physicochemical properties and root traits with field-based flume experiments, we comprehensively investigate the effects of moso bamboo expansion into CF on soil detachment capacity. The results of the study can be summarized as follows: (1) Expansion of moso bamboo significantly changed soil physicochemical properties and root characteristics. Soil bulk density was the highest in the MF (1.13 g·cm<sup>−3</sup>), followed by the CF (1.08 g·cm<sup>−3</sup>) and BF (1.03 g·cm<sup>−3</sup>); non-capillary porosity increased significantly with expansion (CF 0.03% to MF 0.10%); and although the stability of aggregates (MWD) increased by 24.5% from the CF to MF, root mass density (RMD) in the MF (0.0048 g·cm<sup>−3</sup>) was much higher than that in the CF (0.0009 g·cm<sup>−3</sup>). This intense root competition between forest types, combined with increased macroporosity development, compromised overall soil structural integrity. This weakening may lead to a looser soil structure during the transition phase, thereby increasing erosion risk. (2) There were significant stage differences in <i>Dc</i>: it was significantly higher in the MF (0.034 kg·m<sup>−2</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup>) than in the CF (0.023 kg·m<sup>−2</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup>) and BF (0.018 kg·m<sup>−2</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup>), which revealed that the MF was an erosion-sensitive stage. (3) Our Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) results revealed that soil physicochemical properties (soil moisture content and soil total nitrogen) dominated <i>Dc</i> changes through direct effects (total effect −0.547); in comparison, root properties indirectly affected <i>Dc</i> by modulating soil structure (indirect effect: −0.339). The results of this study reveal the dynamics and mechanisms of <i>Dc</i> changes during bamboo expansion, and for the first time, we identify a distinct <i>Dc</i> peak during the mixed forest transition phase. These findings provide a scientific basis for moso bamboo forest management, soil erosion risk assessment, and optimization of soil and water conservation strategies.
dc.language.isoEN
dc.publisherMDPI AG
dc.subject.lccAgriculture (General)
dc.titlePeak Soil Erosion Risk in Mixed Forests: A Critical Transition Phase Driven by Moso Bamboo Expansion
dc.typeArticle
dc.description.keywordsmoso bamboo expansion
dc.description.keywordsconiferous forests
dc.description.keywordsexpansion stage
dc.description.keywordsflume experiments
dc.description.keywordssoil detachment capacity
dc.description.doi10.3390/agriculture15161772
dc.title.journalAgriculture
dc.identifier.e-issn2077-0472
dc.identifier.oaioai:doaj.org/journal:837c124d01554e2b98ff67fcf3797372
dc.journal.infoVolume 15, Issue 16


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