The <i>natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins</i> (<i>NRAMPs</i>) gene family represents a group of membrane transporter proteins with wide distribution in plants. This family of membrane transporters plays a pivotal role in mediating plant responses to metal stress by coordinating ion transport processes and maintaining cellular metal homeostasis, thereby effectively mitigating the detrimental effects of metal ion stress on plant growth and development. This study conducted a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the <i>NRAMP</i> gene family in <i>A. tauschii</i> using integrated bioinformatics approaches, as well as the expression pattern when exposed to heavy metal-induced stress. By means of phylogenetic investigation, eleven AetNRAMP proteins were categorized into five distinct subgroups. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that the majority of <i>NRAMP</i> genes exhibited marked differential expression patterns under specific stress treatments. Subsequently, yeast cells were employed to validate the functions of <i>AetNRAMP1</i> and <i>AetNRAMP3</i>. It was confirmed that <i>AetNRAMP1</i> functioned in copper transport, and <i>AetNRAMP3</i> showed an increase in its expression level under manganese stress. These findings establish a molecular foundation for elucidating the functional specialization of <i>NRAMP</i> gene family members in <i>A. tauschii</i>’s heavy metal detoxification pathways, providing critical genetic evidence for their stress-responsive regulatory networks. Nevertheless, significant knowledge gaps persist regarding its functions in <i>A. tauschii</i>. Research on metal stress resistance in this wheat progenitor species may establish a theoretical foundation for enhancing wheat tolerance and developing improved cultivars.