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Optimization and Characterization of Bioactive Metabolites from Cave-Derived <i>Rhodococcus jialingiae</i> C1

dc.contributor.authorMuhammad Rafiq
dc.contributor.authorUmaira Bugti
dc.contributor.authorMuhammad Hayat
dc.contributor.authorWasim Sajjad
dc.contributor.authorImran Ali Sani
dc.contributor.authorNazeer Ahmed
dc.contributor.authorNoor Hassan
dc.contributor.authorYanyan Wang
dc.contributor.authorYingqian Kang
dc.contributor.otherGuizhou Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education of Guizhou, School of basic Medical Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Shanghai Dongli One Health Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guizhou Medical University One Health Research Institute, Gui’an 561113, China
dc.contributor.otherDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, Balochistan University of IT, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
dc.contributor.otherState Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
dc.contributor.otherKey Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
dc.contributor.otherDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, Balochistan University of IT, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 75000, Pakistan
dc.contributor.otherDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, Balochistan University of IT, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 75000, Pakistan
dc.contributor.otherNational Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering-College (NIBGE-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 39000, Pakistan
dc.contributor.otherGuizhou Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education of Guizhou, School of basic Medical Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Shanghai Dongli One Health Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guizhou Medical University One Health Research Institute, Gui’an 561113, China
dc.contributor.otherGuizhou Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education of Guizhou, School of basic Medical Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Shanghai Dongli One Health Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guizhou Medical University One Health Research Institute, Gui’an 561113, China
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-27T14:15:16Z
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-08T08:55:38Z
dc.date.available2025-10-08T08:55:38Z
dc.date.issued01-07-2025
dc.identifier.urihttp://digilib.fisipol.ugm.ac.id/repo/handle/15717717/38158
dc.description.abstractExtremophilic microorganisms offer an untapped potential for producing unique bioactive metabolites with therapeutic applications. In the current study, bacterial isolates were obtained from samples collected from Chamalang cave located in Kohlu District, Balochistan, Pakistan. The cave-derived isolate C1 (<i>Rhodococcus jialingiae</i>) exhibits prominent antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens (MDR), including <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Micrococcus luteus</i>. It also demonstrates substantial antioxidant activity, with 71% and 58.39% DPPH radical scavenging. Optimization of physicochemical conditions, such as media, pH, temperature, and nitrogen and carbon sources and concentrations substantially enhanced both biomass and metabolite yields. Optimal conditions comprise specialized media, a pH of 7, a temperature of 30 °C, peptone (1.0 g/L) as the nitrogen source, and glucose (0.5 g/L) as the carbon source. HPLC and QTOF-MS analyses uncovered numerous metabolites, including a phenolic compound, 2-[(E)-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) prop-2-enoyl]-4-methoxyphenolate, Streptolactam C, Puromycin, and a putative aromatic polyketide highlighting the C1 isolate chemical. Remarkably, one compound (C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>36</sub>N<sub>7</sub>) demonstrated a special molecular profile, signifying structural novelty and warranting further characterization by techniques such as <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C NMR. These findings highlight the biotechnological capacity of the C1 isolate as a source of novel antimicrobials and antioxidants, linking environmental adaptation to metabolic potential and supporting natural product discovery pipelines against antibiotic resistance.
dc.language.isoEN
dc.publisherMDPI AG
dc.subject.lccMicrobiology
dc.titleOptimization and Characterization of Bioactive Metabolites from Cave-Derived <i>Rhodococcus jialingiae</i> C1
dc.typeArticle
dc.description.keywordsextremotolerant bacteria
dc.description.keywordscaves microbes
dc.description.keywordsnovel bioactive metabolites
dc.description.keywordsantibiotics
dc.description.doi10.3390/biom15081071
dc.title.journalBiomolecules
dc.identifier.e-issn2218-273X
dc.identifier.oaioai:doaj.org/journal:97df3e0e72954a8aad9eed308d489380
dc.journal.infoVolume 15, Issue 8


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