Seidel Laplacian energy of bipolar fuzzy graphs and enhanced score functions for decision-making applications
Abstract
Bipolar fuzzy sets (BPFs) provide a suitable framework for knowledge representation if some data contains imprecise and ambiguous information. In this manuscript, the lower and upper bounds of the Seidel Laplacian energy of a bipolar fuzzy graph were examined with suitable illustrative examples. Moreover, the energy of a bipolar fuzzy graph, the Laplacian energy of a bipolar fuzzy graph, and the Seidel Laplacian energy of a bipolar fuzzy graph were examined. Furthermore, to address complex multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems involving uncertainty and bipolar information, we proposed novel score functions: The score function, improved score function, and double improved score function. These functions were demonstrated through examples to effectively handle ambiguity and duality in decision-makers' inputs represented via bipolar fuzzy sets.
Date
2025-07Author
Sivaranjani Krishnaraj
O.V. Shanmuga Sundaram
Prasantha Bharathi Dhandapani
Taha Radwan
Metadata
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https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/math.2025758http://digilib.fisipol.ugm.ac.id/repo/handle/15717717/35631
